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TEACHERS.NET GAZETTE
Volume 3 Number 8

COVER STORY
Harry & Rosemary Wong remind us that, "An induction program is an organized, sustained, multiyear process with many activities designed to help you succeed...."
COLUMNS
Effective Teaching by Harry & Rosemary Wong How To Start School Successfully
Instant Ideas for Busy Teachers by Barbara Gruber and Sue Gruber Smart Starts for the Best School Year Ever
Promoting Learning by Marv Marshall Use the Language You Want Learned
4 Blocks by Cheryl Sigmon The Perfect Guided Reading Lesson
Ask the School Psychologist by Beth Bruno Matching Programs with Student Needs
Online Classrooms by Leslie Bowman & George París Conway Tips For Facilitating Online Discussions
The Eclectic Teacher by Ginny Hoover Ginny's Back to School List of 10
The Busy Educator's Monthly Five (5 Sites for Busy Educators) by Marjan Glavac Back to School
August Articles
August Regular Features
August Informational Items
Gazette Home Delivery:


About Marvin Marshall...
Marvin Marshall is a professional speaker and seminar leader who presents his program, "Discipline without Stress, Punishments, or Rewards - Raise Responsibility and Promote Learning," to schools across the world.

His program was developed upon his returning to full-time teaching after 24 years of counseling, supervision, and administration. He has taught primary and upper elementary grades and has been an elementary school principal. He has taught all middle grades and has been a middle school counselor and assistant principal. He has taught all high school grades and has been a high school counselor, assistant principal of supervision and control, assistant principal of curriculum and instruction, and high school principal. He has also served as a district director of education.

Dr. Marshall, who is certified by the William Glasser Institute, presents for Phi Delta Kappa International, for several leading seminar companies, and for schools and school districts. His presentation schedule is on the calendar of his website.

In his book Discipline without Stress, Punishments, or Rewards - How Teachers and Parents Promote Responsibility & Learning, he clearly and concisely demonstrates how the external approaches of relying on rules, imposing consequences, rewarding students for appropriate behavior, and punishing students to make them obey are all counterproductive.

The book can be purchased from the National Association of Elementary School Principals, the National Association of Secondary School Principals, the National School Boards Association, Phi Delta Kappa, at local bookstores, or from his website www.MarvinMarshall.com. Questions submitted to Kathleen Carpenter at kathleen@teachers.net will be considered by Marv Marshall for responses in future monthly columns in the Teachers.Net Gazette.

Click to visit Marvin Marshall's Homepage.

To read about the failings of punishments and rewards, go to www.AboutDiscipline.com


Gazette Articles by Dr. Marshall:
Promoting Learning...
by Dr. Marvin Marshall
Use the Language You Want Learned

The highest reward is not what students get--
rather it is what they become.


Responsibility and democracy cannot be separated. John F. Kennedy in his Pulitzer Prize winning book, Profiles in Courage, wrote,

For, in a democracy, every citizen, regardless of his interest in politics, "holds office"; every one of us is in a position of responsibility…"

(p. 255)

Responsibility is the bedrock of our democracy. The following words changed history--borrowed from John Locke and so eloquently stated by Thomas Jefferson:

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just power from the consent of the governed.

Up until that last line was penned and our revolution a success, people received their rights from the king, baron, chief or the leader of the "community." Jefferson's statement turned the world around.

The foundation of this approach is a responsible citizenry.

A prime objective of our profession is to hand down the beliefs and values of our forefathers to future generations. Our society will continue only if we do this--which means teaching, promoting, and fostering responsibility. In a classroom, it means using the language which represents the values we want to promote.

The traditional approach is to post rules. Rules promote obedience and place the enforcer in the role of a cop--wearing a blue uniform and copper buttons.

Most of us did not enter the profession to be enforcers of rules, imposers of consequences, and practitioners of punishments.

Our mission is to be facilitators of information, sharers of knowledge, developers of skills, empowerers of wisdom, educators, teachers, role models, coaches, mentors--not police officers.

As you plan your communications for the new school year, consider using the term, RESPONSIBILITIES, rather than RULES.

THE TERM, "RULES," SHOULD BE REPLACED

Rules are necessary in games, but in relationships rules are counterproductive. When a student does not follow a class rule, the tendency is to think in negative terms. The reason is simple: rules in a classroom imply "or else." A rule that is not followed often leads to an accusatory encounter and results in some type of psychological pain, anger, or resentment for both teacher and student. The rationale is that there must be a consequence for breaking the rule. A consequence is a light punishment that, by its very nature, is coercive. It encourages feelings of enmity, which are not very conducive for positive relationships or learning.

Classroom rules often work against the very reason for their existence--to have students behave responsibly.

The mere fact that one knows a rule does not mean it will be followed, in much the same way that information that has been taught does not mean it has been learned. When we discover that a teaching has not been learned, we try to assist the student. Similarly, behavior is learned, and the student should be helped, not hurt or caused to suffer. These negative emotions foster resistance, rather than trust--which is a necessary feeling to promote learning.

Rules are "left-hemisphered." They are sensible, orderly, and structured. However, students who "break the rules" often operate spontaneously and process randomly--typical of "right-hemisphere" behavior. These students need to learn procedures to resist their impulsivity. Rules do not work for them.

THE TERM, "RESPONSIBILITIES," SHOULD BE USED

RESPONSIBILITIES engender student empowerment; they serve as expectations and inducements. They tap into internal motivation and foster commitment. Responsibilities promote desire--something that compliance never attains.

Here are two sets of responsibilities. Note how they connote expectations, rather than obedience:

Do my work
Have materials
Be where I belong
Control myself
Follow directions
Speak considerately

Be prompt
Bring materials
Listen for instructions
Honor self and others
Accept ownership of my choices

PROCEDURES

Very often, what a teacher refers to as a rule is really a procedure. We need look no further than to one of the first rules students are given. They are taught the classroom rule of raising a hand to be recognized by the teacher before speaking out. Simply reminding students that this is a procedure, rather than a rule, places the teacher in the position of a coach and eliminates an enforcement mentality.

We too often assume that students know what we know and what we would like them to do. Do not make such an assumption. Teach procedures, such as how to enter the classroom, how to use an activity center, how to distribute supplies, or anything else that requires a mode of operation. A successful classroom has routines and procedures, which give organization and structure to learning. The outstanding teacher communicates high expectations and then teaches procedures to facilitate them. Just keep in mind that process precedes product, that procedures precede content.

By teaching your procedures and posting student RESPONSIBILITIES (rather than "rules"), students become more responsible, inappropriate behaviors are reduced, and the joys of learning and teaching are enhanced.

By the way, notice that all the responsibilities above are positive. Positivity promotes empowerment which, in turn, promotes responsibility.

Make a mental note when you return to school. With a little creative thought, those school rules--often posted in negative terms--are easily turned into positive ones. And referring to them as RESPONSIBILITIES will enhance and promote your goals.

If you and your school want to promote responsibility, use the language you want learned.


Additional information to promote responsibility can be found at
http://www.MarvinMarshall.com.

Subscribe to the free monthly newsletter, PROMOTING RESPONSIBILITY, at http://www.DisciplineWithoutStress.com.

Enter e-mail address and click on "Subscribe."



Dr. Marshall's website: http://www.MarvinMarshall.com
Email Dr. Marshall: marvmarshall@teachers.net
© Dr. Marvin Marshall, 2002.

 
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